A bunion also known as hallux abductovalgus is a deformity that occurs at the big toe joint. This is a progressive deformity that is the result of the change in position of the big toe joint, a complex structure involving many bones, ligaments and tendons, from pointing straight to leaning in towards the second toe. Over time as the big toe continues to lean toward the second toe a bump at the big toe is produced.
Bunions are more common in women, and populations with genetics – certain foot types are more prone to developing a bunion than others. The progression of the deformity however, can also be the result of foot wear. Shoe gear with a tight toe box and high heels are known to be contributing factors.
Symptoms:
- Pain and/or swelling around the big toe joint
- Pain and/or swelling in the ball of the foot
- Inflammation and redness
- Burning sensation
- Numbness
- Calluses on the big toes
- Sores between toes
- Restricted movement of the big toe
Treatment:
Bunions are progressive deformity that will worsen over time. To decrease pain there are both surgical and non- surgical options available depending on severity of the deformity. Non-surgical treatments include:
- Switching to wide toe shoes
- Padding the bunion area
- Avoiding standing for long periods of time
- Medications such as ibuprofen to decrease inflammation
- Icing
- Orthotics
If the deformity is painful and decreases the ability to perform desired activities, and makes shoe fitting difficult surgery may be performed to correct the deformity. Podiatric Surgeons will perform a clinical examination, review X-rays and other diagnostic imaging, and assess your post-operative goals to guide your treatment.